Established in 1946, the Tri-Service General Hospital was originally known as the 801 Army General Hospital and evolved from the Taiwan Army Hospital, Fifth Logistics General Hospital, First Army, Navy, and Air Force General Hospital, and the First Army General Hospital. In July 1967, it was reorganized as the "Tri-Service General Hospital" and moved from its original location at Xiao Nanmen to the Shuiyuan district (the Tingjhou Hospital District), starting a new era in Taiwan's military medicine.The Tri-Service General Hospital serves as a teaching hospital under the jurisdiction of the National Defense Medical Center, and bears responsibility for providing clinical care, teaching and research to benefit military personnel, their families and civilians. Under its assessment by the Ministry of Health as a medical center-level teaching hospital, it has consistently played a very important role in national healthcare. In addition to its usual role of providing public health services, defense clinical teaching and internships for medical students, in wartime, the hospital is also charged with the task of mobilizing support and integrating control of health care resources.
In order to cope with a rapidly changing medical environment and to improve and develop military medical education and operations, it was decided to centralize both the National Defense Medical Center and Tri-Service General Hospital in one facility in the Neihu District of Taipei under the name of the "National Defense Medical Center." Covering an area of about 43 hectares, it relocated to the Neihu medical facility in November 2000. In addition to retaining walk-in and emergency services in the Tingjhou Hospital District, the hospital adheres to national policy in continuing to provide the highest quality military and civilian medical services through its five branches in Penghu, Keelung, Songshan, Beitou, and Taipei Outpatient Center.
Tri-Service General Hospital Biobank (TSGH Biobank) was approved by the Ministry of Health and Welfare in April 2014 based on “Human Biodatabase Management Regulations”. It is the only Biobank in military hospitals, which stores tissues, blood and body fluid provided by various volunteers. TSGH Biobank is an archive for systematized collection of human biological specimens in supporting biomedical research and other applications. The research results hope to medical development and promote the health and well-being of human race.